Tarot de Marseille15th–18th century. Northern Italy / Southern FranceNamed by the French occultist Papus in 1889, the Tarot de Marseille is a family of closely related decks that became the blueprint for most modern tarot. Its origins lie in 15th-century northern Italy.
Mantegna Tarocchic. 1460–1485. Ferrara, ItalyThe Mantegna Tarocchi, long but wrongly attributed to the painter Andrea Mantegna, are two series of 50 engraved cards from 15th-century Italy, most likely made as an educational aid rather than for divination.
Visconti-Sforza Tarotc. 1441–1463. Milan, ItalyAmong the oldest surviving tarot cards, commissioned by the ruling families of Milan in the 15th century. Hand-painted and gilded, these decks set the artistic standard for later tarot imagery.